When did central heating start?

Tang Pozi, "suffocating breath", brazier, heated kang, hot water bottle, electric blanket, wall-hung stove, air conditioner... Which of the above heating appliances have you used? In the process of moving towards warmth, the number of heating appliances cannot be counted in one breath.

For a long time after the founding of New China, coal blending stoves were the main heating method for the common people. In order to allow the people to live a warm winter, our country has launched a large number of coal projects, and the output and quality of raw coal have been greatly improved. Coupled with the strong thrust of reform and opening up, central heating has gradually developed into an urban public utility. Especially after entering the 1990s, the urban central heating area has increased at an annual rate of 60 million square meters. According to relevant reports of the International Energy Agency, China now has the largest centralized heating network in the world.

How did the 18°C ​​heating standard come about?

"The heating is not hot enough to freeze, and the heating is too hot to be dry." What are the national regulations on heating standards? In 2002, the former Ministry of Health and other departments formulated the "Indoor Air Quality Standard", which stipulated that the heating standard in winter is 16-24 °C.

In 2010, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Areas", which stipulates that the interior design temperature of bedrooms and living rooms should be 18°C. Coupled with the relevant regulations of various places, the room temperature of 18°C ​​has gradually become the heating season heating standard in most areas.

Many interviewed experts said that if the room temperature is too high, residents are prone to symptoms such as mental fatigue, slow thinking, and poor memory, which is commonly known as "heating syndrome". Conversely, if you stay in a low temperature environment for a long time, your metabolic function will decline, your pulse will slow down, and your respiratory mucosal resistance will decrease. In addition, according to statistics, for every 1°C increase in room temperature in winter, energy consumption increases by 20%. Therefore, considering the energy consumption and the heating effect of the people, in most areas, 18°C ​​is a more reasonable operating point.

How to draw the heating dividing line?

When it comes to central heating, we have to talk about the division of heating areas.

The Qinling-Huaihe line is a well-known "slash youth": the geographical dividing line between the north and the south of my country, the dividing line between the humid zone and the sub-humid zone, the dividing line between the warm temperate zone and the subtropical zone, the 800mm annual precipitation line, 0°C in January The isotherm... in the matter of heating, it is the dividing line for central heating. Why such a division?

This has to be traced back to the 1950s. Under the background of "energy shortage", my country has delineated the climate divisions based on the climate divisions formulated by the meteorologist Zhu Kezhen based on the average temperature and annual precipitation of the coldest month in all parts of the country in 1931. The dividing line of central heating basically coincides with the Qinhuai line.

More than half a century has passed, and with climate change and scientific development, some experts believe that "one-line heating" is no longer suitable for the new needs of people's lives.

 

Can central heating work in the south?

"Northern people rely on heating for winter, while southerners rely on righteousness" "If heating is available, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai would like free shipping." Sigh, but now they do what they say.

In recent years, southern cities such as Wuhan, Hefei, and Changsha have begun to implement central heating in some urban areas, and some cities are planning and constructing heating projects.

Jiang Yi, director of the Building Energy Conservation Research Center of Tsinghua University, said that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference in the south is smaller than that in the north, and the heating needs of different households vary greatly. With central heating, some rooms may be overheated and uncomfortable.

 

 

 

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